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Question 1
. According to Rosenhan, what is a pseudopatient?
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. a healthy person labeled mentally ill |
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. a healthy person admitted to a mental hospital |
. |
. |
. a and b |
. |
. |
. none of the above |
.
2 points
Question 2
. What kinds of people tend to have a greater external locus of control?
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. |
. low achievers |
. |
. |
. gamblers |
. |
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. all of the above |
. |
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. criminals |
.
2 points
Question 3
. Rosenhan’s pseudopatients were discharged from the mental hospitals with a diagnosis of
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. |
. schizophrenia |
. |
. |
. pseudoschizophrenia |
. |
. |
. depression |
. |
. |
. schizophrenia in remission |
.
2 points
Question 4
. Lazarus found that for____, uplifts had a negative effect on emotions and psychological health
. |
. |
. women |
. |
. |
. children |
. |
. |
. men |
. |
. |
. older adults |
.
2 points
Question 5
. According to Watson, the method of introspection
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. |
. is important for psychological research |
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. |
. can be used when studying certain types of behavior |
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. |
. should only be used by trained experts |
. |
. |
. has no place in the science of psychology |
.
2 points
Question 6
. According to Plomin, which one of the following statements is most correct about the determination of behaviors?
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. both heredity and environment are very important |
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. heredity is more important than environment |
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. environment is more important than heredity |
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. neither are very important |
.
2 points
Question 7
. Which of the following is not one of Piaget’s stages of intellectual development?
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. |
. sensori-motor |
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. imaginary operations |
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. formal operations |
. |
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. concrete operations |
.
2 points
Question 8
. According to Freud, the function of anxiety is as a reaction to
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. the unknown |
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. sexual tension |
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. danger |
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. |
. excitement |
.
2 points
Question 9
. Watson and Rayner found that after Albert had been conditioned to fear a white rat, he reached to a rabbit, a dog, a fur coat, and cotton wool with
. |
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. indifference |
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. fear |
. |
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. pleasure |
. |
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. anger |
.
2 points
Question 10
. Which one of the following characteristics is not one used by Rogers to describe the therapeutic relationship?
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. |
. intelligence |
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. genuineness |
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. acceptance |
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. empathy |
.
2 points
Question 11
. Sperry found that the left hemisphere tends to be more____than the right hemispheres for many split-brain patients
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. artistic |
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. verbal |
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. actual |
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. creative |
.
2 points
Question 12
. According to James, what determines the presence of mentality is the
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. |
. selection of the means with which to reach future goals |
. |
. |
. conscious awareness of our souls |
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. |
. physiology of creatures who live and breathe |
. |
. |
. interpretation of sensory information. |
.
2 points
Question 13
. Which one of the following phrases best describes the feelings of many of the subjects who fully obeyed and gave the maximum shock level in Milgram’s study?
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. acting against own values |
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. |
. enjoying giving the shocks |
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. unemotional and unconcerned |
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. conscientious and aggressive personality |
.
2 points
Question 14
. Maccoby agrues that gender differences are most evident in
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. |
. intelligence testing |
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. individual performance |
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. private conversations |
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. social situations |
.
2 points
Question 15
. Plomin concludes that genetic influences on behavior tend to
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. be unpredictable and unmeasurable |
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. involve many genes each with little effect |
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. be significantly less important that environmental influences |
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. nvolve single genes with major effect |
.
2 points
Question 16
. According to Maslow, satisfaction of the ____need leads to feelings of affiliation.
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. love |
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. esteem |
. |
. |
. self-actualization |
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. safety |
.
2 points
Question 17
. According to one Loftus experiment, if one group were asked about the 4 people who were present and a second group were asked about the 12 people who were present ( when there were actually 6) the results would probably show that
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. both groups would remember 8 people |
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. the second group would remember more people |
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. the first group would remember more people being present |
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. |
. neither group could remember how meny people were present |
.
2 points
Question 18
. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the participants in Sherif’s study of intergroup conflict?
. |
. |
. from well-adjusted families |
. |
. |
. academically successful |
. |
. |
. problems with delinquency |
. |
. |
. above normal intelligence |
.
2 points
Question 19
. The students predicted to bloom academically in Rosenthal and Jacobson’s study were selected by
. |
. |
. an IQ test |
. |
. |
. consultation with the teachers |
. |
. |
. a table of random numbers |
. |
. |
. student’s volunteering |
.
2 points
Question 20
. According to Maccoby’s research concerning attraction to same-sex peers in childhood, it is true that
. |
. |
. girls find it difficult to influence boys |
. |
. |
. girls enjoy rough and tumble play |
. |
. |
. boys prefer to be around adults |
. |
. |
. boys tend to make polite requests of girls |
.
2 points
Question 21
. Hassles are
. |
. |
. life events |
. |
. |
. pleasant |
. |
. |
. distressing |
. |
. |
. happy |
.
2 points
Question 22
. According to Rogers, the characteristic upon which psychotherapy depends is a
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. |
. drive toward self-actualization |
. |
. |
. knowledge of therapeutic techniques |
. |
. |
. genuine relationship |
. |
. |
. conflict-resolution orientation |
.
2 points
Question 23
. According to Sternberg, all of the following are the basic components of love except
. |
. |
. friendship |
. |
. |
. passion |
. |
. |
. intimacy |
. |
. |
. commitment |
.
2 points
Question 24
. According to Stenberg, the type of love that needs attention and nurturing is
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. |
. companionate love |
. |
. |
. infatuation |
. |
. |
. consummate love |
. |
. |
. liking |
.
2 points
Question 25
. Which one of the following is not an important source of efficacy expectation, as described by Bandura?
. |
. |
. performance accomplishments |
. |
. |
. genetic expectancy |
. |
. |
. vicarious experiences |
. |
. |
. emotional arousal |
.
2 points
Question 26
. According to Freud, a dream that allows the dreamer to satisfy a need rather than taking action on the need is called a
. |
. |
. psychoanalytic symbolization |
. |
. |
. dream of convenience |
. |
. |
. dream symbolization |
. |
. |
. sexual unconscious death wish |
.
2 points
Question 27
. Which one of the following is not one of the ways that efficacy expectations vary?
. |
. |
. magnitude |
. |
. |
. generality |
. |
. |
. strength |
. |
. |
. frequency |
.
2 points
Question 28
. According to Skinner, slot machines in a gambling casino operate on a ____schedule of reinforcement
. |
. |
. variable ratio |
. |
. |
. variable interval |
. |
. |
. fixed ratio . d fixed interval |
.
2 points
Question 29
. Ekman believes that facial expressions are
. |
. |
. universal |
. |
. |
. cultural bound |
. |
. |
. attached to temperament |
. |
. |
. attached to personality traits |
.
2 points
Question 30
. In the Rosenhan study, what misrepresentations did the pseudopatients make about themselves?
. |
. |
. names |
. |
. |
. professions |
. |
. |
. reports of hearing voices |
. |
. |
. all of the above |
.
2 points
Question 31
. A technique suggested by Skinner to hasten the desired behavior in a subject by reinforcing behaviors that are similar to the goal behavior so called
. |
. |
. extinction |
. |
. |
. successive approximation |
. |
. |
. reinforcement |
. |
. |
. variable ratio reinforcement schedule |
.
2 points
Question 32
. Why was the surgery originally performed on the hemisphere deconnection patients described by Sperry?
. |
. |
. to reduce severe seizures |
. |
. |
. to assist memory |
. |
. |
. to improve vision |
. |
. |
. to improve speech |
.
2 points
Question 33
. According to Seligman, learned helplessness and the resulting depression can be prevented
. |
. |
. by setting goals that can be reached easily |
. |
. |
. through the use of antidepressant drugs early in life |
. |
. |
. by repeatedly becoming frustrated when trying to solve problems |
. |
. |
. by gaining mastery over sources of reinforcement |
.
2 points
Question 34
. According to Stenberg, developing a confidant takes
. |
. |
. years |
. |
. |
. trust |
. |
. |
. self-disclosure |
. |
. |
. all of the above |
.
2 points
Question 35
. According to Ainsworth, how do secure infants behave later?
. |
. |
. are more cooperative |
. |
. |
. are more positive |
. |
. |
. all of the above |
. |
. |
. less aggressive |
.
2 points
Question 36
. How did Pavlov define reflex?
. |
. |
. reaction of organism to an external stimulus |
. |
. |
. reaction of organism to internal stimulus |
. |
. |
. reaction of organism to internal reinforcement |
. |
. |
. reaction of organism to external reinforcement |
.
2 points
Question 37
. Bandura, Ross, and Ross found that the greatest aggression occurred in the ____group
. |
. |
. human film |
. |
. |
. real life |
. |
. |
. control |
. |
. |
. cartoon film |
.
2 points
Question 38
. The only areas that men and women should be expected to differ are those in which
. |
. |
. learning plays the most important role |
. |
. |
. math and reading skills are emphasized |
. |
. |
. they faced different adaptive problems over time |
. |
. |
. they learned to interact through society |
.
2 points
Question 39
. According to Pavlov, if the unconditioned stimulus is applied first and the neutral stimulus second, what happens?
. |
. |
. conditioned reflex is learned |
. |
. |
. unconditioned stimulus acts like a neutral stimulus |
. |
. |
. conditioned reflex cannot be established |
. |
. |
. neutral stimulus acts like an unconditioned stimulus |
.
2 points
Question 40
. The phrase “to become everything that one is capable or becoming” best represents which one of Maslow’s needs?
. |
. |
. esteem |
. |
. |
. love |
. |
. |
. being |
. |
. |
. self-actualization |
.
2 points
Question 41
. Watson argues that as a behavioral factor, the subject of consciousness
. |
. |
. must be discarded by psychologists |
. |
. |
. should form the core of psychology |
. |
. |
. is part of our understanding of ourselves |
. |
. |
. can only apply to human psychology |
.
2 points
Question 42
. What behavior in Milgram’s study showed the nervousness of the subjects administering the shocks?
. |
. |
. crying |
. |
. |
. yelling |
. |
. |
. none of the above |
. |
. |
. laughing |
.
2 points
Question 43
. How can the behavior of a subject be shaped to some ultimate goal of the experimenter?
. |
. |
. reinforcing a series of successive approximations to the goal behavior |
. |
. |
. reinforcing a series of external stimuli |
. |
. |
. reinforcing a series of internal stimuli |
. |
. |
. all of the above |
.
2 points
Question 44
. Identify emotions for which cross-cultural data agree in the labeling
. |
. |
. enjoyment, anger fear |
. |
. |
. sadness, disgust, and surprise |
. |
. |
. love, fear, disgust |
. |
. |
. a and b |
.
2 points
Question 45
. According to Jacobs, how might exercise help treat depression?
. |
. |
. exercise relieves stress |
. |
. |
. repetitive motor behavior triggers serotonin |
. |
. |
. repetitive motor behavior triggers dopamine |
. |
. |
. exercise triggers dopamine |
.
2 points
Question 46
. To cause Little Albert to show a fear reaction, Watson and Rayner
. |
. |
. exposed him to a white rat |
. |
. |
. tossed him up in the air |
. |
. |
. struck a hammer on a steel bar |
. |
. |
. applied an electric shock to the rat |
.
2 points
Question 47
. Identify 3 types of attachment reported by Ainsworth
. |
. |
. secure, anxious, avoidant |
. |
. |
. secure, fearful, happy |
. |
. |
. secure,anxious, fearful |
. |
. |
. anxious, avoidant, fearful |
.
2 points
Question 48
. According to Maslow, ____________allows adults to feel safe.
. |
. |
. religion |
. |
. |
. law |
. |
. |
. owning a gun |
. |
. |
. living in a gated community |
.
2 points
Question 49
. How stable is the tendency to have an internal or external locus of control?
. |
. |
. relatively stable |
. |
. |
. not at all stable |
. |
. |
. changeable by situation |
. |
. |
. none of the above |
.
2 points
Question 50
. According to Rotter, which one of the following statements is not correct?
. |
. |
. Ute Indian children tend to be external |
. |
. |
. lower socio-ecomonic children tend to be internal |
. |
. |
. high-achievement school children tend to be internal |
. |
. |
. hospital patients who know many details about their medical problems are internal |
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